Molecular analysis of Phytophthora species found in Poland

Autorzy

• Tomasz Oszako Bialystok University of Technology, Faculty of Forestry in Hajnówka, Piłsudskiego 8, 17-200 Hajnówka, Poland, e-mail: t.oszako@pb.edu.pl
• Katarzyna Sikora Forest Research Institute, Department of Forest Protection, Sękocin Stary, Braci Leśnej 3, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland
• Lassaâd Belbahri University of Neuchâtel, Laboratory of Soil Biology, Rue Emile Argand 11, 2009 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
• Justyna A. Nowakowska Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland

Abstract

Pathogens of Phytophthora genus are common not only in forest nurseries and stands, but also in water courses. Species of Phytophthora spread with plants for plantings (and soil attached to them) and with water courses as well, attacking the plants growing in riparian ecosystems. Several specialized organisms damaging only one tree species were identified like P. alni on alders or P. quercina on oaks. Some Phytophthora species can develop on several hosts like P. plurivora and P. cactorum on oaks, beeches, alders, ashes and horse chestnuts. Other oomycetes like P. gallica species was found for the first time in Poland in water used for plant watering in forest nursery. Species P. lacustris and P. gonapodyides were found in superficial water. Phytophthora species P. polonica was identified in the declining alder stands for the first time in the world, and P. taxon hungarica and P. megasperma were found in the rhizosphere of seriously damaged ash stands for the first time in Poland. The most often isolated species were P. plurivora (clade 2) with frequency 37% and P. lacustris with frequency 33% (clade 6). The best represented clade 6 revealed the occurrence of 6 species: P. gonapodyides, P. lacustris, P. megasperma, P. sp. raspberry, P. taxon hungarica and P. taxon oak soil.

Keywords

• fine root pathogens
• sequencing DNA
• alien
• invasive
• emerging