Reproduction abilities of Ips typographus (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) in the stands damaged by the wind in 2013 in the Kościeliska Valley (Tatra National Park)

Autorzy

• Wojciech Grodzki Forest Research Institute, Department of Mountain Forests, Fredry 39, 30-605 Kraków, Poland
  e-mail: W.Grodzki@ibles.waw.pl
• Wojciech Gąsienica Fronek ul. Jana Pawła II 225A, 34-425 Biały Dunajec, Polska

Abstract

At the end of 2013, strong wind destroyed spruce stands on large areas of Kościeliska Valley in Tatra Mts. In Poland. In 2015–2017, 304 bark samples were collected from 106 spruces; 25 cm × 25 cm large samples were taken from 2 or 4 sections of infested trees in July/August each year. The infestation density, sex ratio, length of maternal galleries, number of progeny and impact of natural enemies were recorded. The infestation density in individual years was 0.79–0.86 mating chambers per dm², the average length of maternal gallery (55.2–56.6 mm) did not differ between years, The average number of progeny per female from 3-year pooled data was 18.22, the highest in 2015 (27.4) then collapsed to 15.5–16.8. The gallery systems with 2 females, in which the reproduction success was the highest, dominated (62.6%). The frequency of parasitoids or entomopathogens was very low (2–20% mortality rate in 19 bark samples). Possible reasons of relatively low reproduction success regardless generally favourable breeding conditions and its collapse after first year, such as high infestation density and low survival rate of larvae because of climatic conditions (drought), are discussed. Taking into account the described population features, very intense tree mortality and mechanisms known from the other wind events, further development of the outbreak can be expected in this area.

Keywords

• galleries
• sex ratio
• progeny
• wind damage
• bark beetles
• population dynamics