Analysis of two-stage extraction of Pinus sylvestris L. seeds
The paper describes the extraction process of Pinus sylvestris seeds from cones collected from two regions (Jarocin and Oleśnica Śląska Forest Districts). Extraction was carried out in the modern, production-scale extraction plant in Jarocin. The described process differs from the other extraction processes in that the seeds are first sprayed with water for ten minutes and then soaked for twenty minutes. The two treatments are carried out in the course of the extraction process, after the water content in cones is reduced, so two phases (Phase I and Phase II) can be distinguished. Cone spraying increased the number of open scales (k=0.34) and the number of extracted seeds (which was confirmed for cones from the Jarocin Forest District) was compared with the continuous process, causing reduction of seed extraction time to 17 hours. The mean moisture content of open cones and extracted seeds was 7.1% (Jarocin Forest District) and 6.1% (Oleśnica Śląska Forest District). The extraction of pine seeds described by mathematical equations for the changes in water content and drying rate differed from the analogous process of drying seeds of other tree species.
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