Analysis of chosen environmental factors according to the problem of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) regeneration decline
The results of carried out investigation showed that the scale of silver fir regeneration decline is limited and it is not a threat for fir existence in the future in the Carpathian region. The danger of fir decline is the highest on broadleaved forest site types (highland and mountain site types), especially on the sites of the fertility higher than average. Known sites of fir regeneration decline are localized on the eutrophic forest communities (Tilio-Carpinetum and rich beech forests – Dentario glandulosae-Fagetum and eutrophic fir community – Abies alba – Oxalis acetosella). The phytosociological methods are helpful in choosing the site types of higher risk of fir regeneration decline. The investigation allowed to exclude following factors: the lack of light, damages caused by deer and the competition of forest floor plants and other tree species as the causes of fir regeneration decline on the investigated sites. One of the causes of fir regeneration decline could be the activity of pathogens, which is shown by the range of site types, where the phenomenon of fir regeneration decline is observed.
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