Productivity, harvesting costs and tree damage in thinnings in mountain stands
Four technological processes of wood harvesting in mountain stands of Norway spruce and European beech were investigated. Chain saw was used for cutting and other technological operations while forwarder in the two variants of cut-to-length method and skidder in another two variants of whole -stem method. In addition, the one- and two-stage extractions (with the horse skidding in the first stage) as well as 30 and 60 m distances between the strip roads were applied. Highest productivity (10,6–6,2 m3/8 machinehours, in relation to the extraction distance 100–2000 m and type of stand), lowest costs (46–75 zł/m3, in relation to the productivity) was achieved for the cut-to-length method with application of the forwarder. In addition this method of harvesting caused least damage to the remaining trees (12,4–16,0% of trees, in relation to the type of stand).
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